Question

Pelton wheel is classified according to the main direction of flow of water in the runner as

• A. Tangential flow turbine
• B. Radial flow turbine
• C. Axial flow turbine
• D. Mixed flow turbine

Hint:

Memorize the classification of major turbines by flow type:
- Tangential Flow $\rightarrow$ Pelton Wheel (High Head, Low Discharge).
- Mixed Flow $\rightarrow$ Francis Turbine (Medium Head, Medium Discharge).
- Axial Flow $\rightarrow$ Kaplan/Propeller Turbine (Low Head, High Discharge).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
Pelton wheel flow direction relative to runner.

Step 2: Key Classification (Alternate):
Tangential flow: jet strikes buckets tangentially. Radial: Francis (old). Mixed: modern Francis. Axial: Kaplan, propeller.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Pelton jet hits bucket splitter, turns 165°-180°, exits sideways. Used for high head (200m+), low flow. Impulse turbine (pressure constant through runner).

Step 4: Final Answer:
Tangential flow turbine.