Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
One-word substitution questions assess your vocabulary and understanding of specific terminology. Analyzing root words, prefixes, and suffixes—such as -logy (the study of something) and -graph (an instrument that writes or records)—can help you deduce the meanings of unfamiliar words.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's break down the definitions given in the prompt to match them with the correct terms:
1. Definition 1: "The study and analysis of handwriting."
- The root graph- means to write, and the suffix -logy means the study of. Combining these gives Graphology, which is the study of handwriting, especially when used to analyze a person's character.
2. Definition 2: "An instrument that records heart/beat action."
- The root cardio- means relating to the heart, and the suffix -graph denotes an instrument that records or writes data. Combining these gives Cardiograph, which is an instrument used to register the mechanical or electrical movements of the heart.
Let's evaluate the incorrect choices to verify why they are wrong:
- Numismatics is the study or collection of coins and currency.
- A Stethoscope is an instrument used for listening to internal body sounds (like heartbeats or breathing), but it does not record them.
- Ventriloquism is the art of speaking so that the voice seems to come from a source other than the speaker (like a dummy).
Therefore, option (B) is the only pairing that satisfies both definitions in the correct order.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct terms are Graphology and Cardiograph respectively, matching option (B).