Question

Name the technique that helps to study the entire protein profile from a given cell type. Briefly explain the principle of this method.

Hint:

Be clear about the principle and purpose of proteomics techniques like Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry.

Answer 1

Technique: Analyzing a cell's complete protein profile can be achieved using Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis combined with Mass Spectrometry. Principle of Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Technique: Proteins are separated by charge and size. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is employed first, separating proteins by their isoelectric point. Subsequently, SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) separates them by molecular weight. Principle of Mass Spectrometry Technique: This technique quantifies the molecular weight of chemical compounds or proteins by separating molecular ions based on their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio.