Step 1: Process Overview – Water Electrolysis:
Electrolysis of water involves passing an electric current through acidified water, causing its decomposition into hydrogen and oxygen gases.
Step 2: Electrode Reactions:
- Cathode (negative electrode): Reduction occurs:
\[2H^+ + 2e^- \rightarrow H_2\]
- Result: Hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced at the cathode.
- Anode (positive electrode): Oxidation occurs:
\[2H_2O \rightarrow O_2 + 4H^+ + 4e^-\]
- Result: Oxygen gas (O₂) is produced at the anode.
Step 3: Summary:
- Gas at the cathode: Hydrogen (H₂)
- Gas at the anode: Oxygen (O₂)