Question

Mycorrhiza exhibits the phenomenon of

• A. parasitism
• B. symbiosis
• C. antagonism
• D. endemism.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To answer the question regarding the phenomenon exhibited by mycorrhiza, we need to examine the relationship between the entities involved.

Concept Explained:

Mycorrhiza refers to a mutually beneficial relationship between fungi and the roots of plants. The fungi colonize the root system of the host plant, and this relationship is beneficial to both parties involved.

Types of Interactions:

• Parasitism: A non-mutual relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (the host).
• Symbiosis: A long-term interaction between two different biological species, in which both parties usually benefit, although the term can apply to any close biological interaction.
• Antagonism: A biological interaction where one organism harms or suppresses another.
• Endemism: The ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location, such as a specific island, habitat type, or other defined zone.

Analysis:

In the case of mycorrhiza:

• The fungi assist the plant by increasing nutrient absorption (specifically phosphorus and water) and receive carbohydrates produced by the plant via photosynthesis in return.
• This mutual benefit is typical of a symbiotic relationship, not parasitism, antagonism, or endemism.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the correct answer is symbiosis, as mycorrhiza represents a symbiotic interaction where both fungi and plant benefit from their association.