Trans-urethral resection of the prostate carves tissue out around the bladder outlet, and the body heals that raw bed with scar tissue. When that scarring is excessive, the channel narrows again and the patient returns with obstructive symptoms despite the original adenoma having been removed.
The lesion most characteristically responsible for this recurrent obstruction is contracture of the bladder neck. The bladder neck is the region immediately resected and is therefore the site most prone to cicatricial narrowing afterwards. This is why bladder neck stenosis tops the list of post-TURP obstructive complications.
The other listed locations, the navicular fossa, the bulbar urethra and the membranous urethra, can certainly stricture from passage of the resectoscope and sheath, but these instrument-related urethral strictures are less frequent than the bladder neck contracture that the resection itself produces.
\[\boxed{\text{Bladder neck}}\]