Step 1: Break the word down by its root. The prefix nycto- refers to night, so the condition tied to darkness will carry this prefix.
Step 2: Nyctophobia therefore literally means fear of night or darkness, an anxiety disorder that flares when light is absent.
Step 3: Eliminate the others by their roots: claustro- (enclosed spaces), xeno- (strangers or foreigners), and myso- (dirt, contamination, germs). None of these relate to darkness.
Step 4: The only term that maps to darkness is nyctophobia.\[\boxed{\text{Nyctophobia}}\]