Question

Match List-I with List-II 

List-I (Categories of Zoonoses)	List-II (Type of life cycle of the infecting organism)
(A) Direct zoonoses	(I) Transmitted from an infected vertebrate host to a susceptible vertebrate host
(B) Meta-zoonoses	(II) Requires more than one vertebrate host species, but no invertebrate host, in order to complete the developmental cycle of the agent
(C) Cyclo-zoonoses	(III) Transmitted biologically by invertebrate vectors
(D) Sapro-zoonoses	(IV) Have both a vertebrate host and a non-animal developmental site or reservoir

• A. A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV
• B. A - I, B - III, C - II, D - IV
• C. A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III
• D. A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

Hint:

Remember the prefixes:

\textbf{Direct:} Animal \(\rightarrow\) Human (direct).
\textbf{Cyclo- (cycle):} Vertebrate 1 \(\rightarrow\) Vertebrate 2 (cycle between vertebrates).
\textbf{Meta- (change):} Needs to change in an invertebrate vector.
\textbf{Sapro- (decay):} Involves a non-animal (decaying matter, soil) reservoir.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Categorize zoonoses based on transmission. Step 1: Zoonoses are animal-to-human diseases, categorized by their life cycle.

Direct zoonoses: Transmitted directly from an infected vertebrate to a susceptible vertebrate (human) via contact, vehicle, or mechanical vector.
Cyclo-zoonoses: The infectious agent needs at least two vertebrate hosts to complete its life cycle; humans are usually the final host.
Meta-zoonoses: The agent multiplies and develops within an invertebrate vector before transmission to a vertebrate host.
Sapro-zoonoses: The agent requires a non-animal reservoir (e.g., soil, water, plants) and a vertebrate host for its life cycle.
Step 2: Match categories (List-I) with definitions (List-II).
Step 2:

A. Direct zoonoses matches I. Transmitted from an infected vertebrate host to a susceptible vertebrate host. (Example: Rabies).
B. Meta-zoonoses matches III. Transmitted biologically by invertebrate vectors. (Example: Plague, where fleas are the invertebrate vector).
C. Cyclo-zoonoses matches II. Requires more than one vertebrate host species... (Example: Taeniasis, requiring both cattle/pigs and humans).
D. Sapro-zoonoses matches IV. Have both a vertebrate host and a non-animal developmental site... (Example: Histoplasmosis from soil).
Step 3: Determine the correct matching.
Step 3: The correct matching is A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV.