Step 1: Understand the Concept: The task is to match the four measurement scales (Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio) with their defining characteristics.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
A. Nominal scale: Assigns numbers for identification/classification only. Characteristic: III. Allows for categorizing.
B. Ordinal scale: Allows data ordering/ranking, but interval differences are not necessarily equal. Characteristic: IV. Allows for ranking.
C. Interval scale: Has nominal and ordinal properties, plus equal intervals. Has an arbitrary zero point. Characteristic: I. Arbitrary zero (e.g., 0 degrees Celsius).
D. Ratio scale: Has interval properties and a true, non-arbitrary zero point (absolute zero). Allows true ratio comparisons (e.g., 10 kg is twice 5 kg). Characteristic: II. Absolute zero.
Correct pairings: A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct match combination is A-III, B-IV, C-I, and D-II, corresponding to option (D).