Match the following concepts proposed by Kevin Lynch in Group-I with their corresponding descriptions in Group-II.

Group-I Group-II

P - Legibility 1 - Perception of a complex reality as an interrelated but single identity

Q - Imageability 2 - Recognition of an object in a cityscape as a separate entity that is distinct from other objects

R - Structure 3 - Quality in a physical object in a cityscape which gives it a high probability of evoking a strong image

S - Identity 4 - Apparent clarity of the cityscape

5 - Pattern relation of the object to the observer and to other objects in a cityscape

Question

Auditorium capacity of 1200 with 1/3 females & 2/3 Male. WC requirement in integer is
Female: 3 per 100 Upto 200- 2 per 100 for 200 onwards
Male: 2 per 100 upto 400. I per 250 for 400 onwards

Answer 1

This question comes straight from Kevin Lynch's 1960 book "The Image of the City", where he explains how city dwellers build a mental map of their surroundings. He names one city-wide quality and three parts of an object's individual image, and the four descriptions in Group-II are simply his own definitions in slightly different words.

Legibility: the ease with which the parts of a city can be recognised and organised into a coherent pattern. Description (4), "apparent clarity of the cityscape", is this exact idea, applied to the whole city rather than one object.
Imageability: the characteristic in a physical object that gives it a high chance of provoking a vivid image in any observer. Description (3) restates this definition almost word for word.
Structure: one of the three parts of an object's image, covering how that object relates spatially to the observer and to other objects around it. This is description (5).
Identity: the second part of an object's image, meaning simply that the object is recognised as a separate, distinct thing. This is description (2).

That leaves description (1), "perception of a complex reality as an interrelated but single identity", which is Lynch's third component, meaning, not asked about here since it is not one of the four terms in Group-I.

Let's summarize:

Legibility is a whole-city property; imageability, structure, and identity are all about one object's image.
Of the three parts of an object's image, structure is about relationships, identity is about distinctness, and meaning (not listed) is about practical or emotional association.

So the match is P - 4, Q - 3, R - 5, S - 2, option (C).

Answer 2

This question comes straight from Kevin Lynch's 1960 book "The Image of the City", where he explains how city dwellers build a mental map of their surroundings. He names one city-wide quality and three parts of an object's individual image, and the four descriptions in Group-II are simply his own definitions in slightly different words.

Legibility: the ease with which the parts of a city can be recognised and organised into a coherent pattern. Description (4), "apparent clarity of the cityscape", is this exact idea, applied to the whole city rather than one object.
Imageability: the characteristic in a physical object that gives it a high chance of provoking a vivid image in any observer. Description (3) restates this definition almost word for word.
Structure: one of the three parts of an object's image, covering how that object relates spatially to the observer and to other objects around it. This is description (5).
Identity: the second part of an object's image, meaning simply that the object is recognised as a separate, distinct thing. This is description (2).

That leaves description (1), "perception of a complex reality as an interrelated but single identity", which is Lynch's third component, meaning, not asked about here since it is not one of the four terms in Group-I.

Let's summarize:

Legibility is a whole-city property; imageability, structure, and identity are all about one object's image.
Of the three parts of an object's image, structure is about relationships, identity is about distinctness, and meaning (not listed) is about practical or emotional association.

So the match is P - 4, Q - 3, R - 5, S - 2, option (C).

Show Hint

The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Questions Asked in GATE AR exam

Group-I	Group-II
P - Legibility	1 - Perception of a complex reality as an interrelated but single identity
Q - Imageability	2 - Recognition of an object in a cityscape as a separate entity that is distinct from other objects
R - Structure	3 - Quality in a physical object in a cityscape which gives it a high probability of evoking a strong image
S - Identity	4 - Apparent clarity of the cityscape
	5 - Pattern relation of the object to the observer and to other objects in a cityscape