Any operation labeled "Serial" typically requires a clock and memory, making it sequential. "Parallel" versions of the same operation are usually combinational.
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
- Combinational Circuit: Output depends only on current inputs.
- Sequential Circuit: Output depends on current inputs and previous history (contains memory elements like Flip-Flops). Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- P) Serial Adder: Adds bits one at a time. It requires a D flip-flop to store the "carry" bit from the previous addition to use it in the next cycle. Hence, it is a Sequential Circuit (2).
- Q) Parallel Adder: Adds all bits simultaneously using a combination of full adders. It has no memory. Hence, it is a Combinational Circuit (1).
- R) BCD to 7 Segment Decoder: Maps a 4-bit BCD input to 7 outputs for a display. This mapping is fixed and has no memory. Hence, it is a Combinational Circuit (1).
- S) Priority Encoder: Encodes the highest priority active input into a binary code. It is a logic gate network with no memory. Hence, it is a Combinational Circuit (1). Step 3: Final Answer:
The match is P-2, Q-1, R-1, S-1.
