Question

Match list I with list II with respect to methods of contraception and their respective actions. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	List - I		List - II
(a)	Diaphragms	(i)	Inhibit ovulation and Implantation
(b)	Contraception	(ii)	Increase phagocytosis of sperm within Pills Uterus
(c)	Intrauterine Devices	(iii)	Absences of Menstrual cycle and ovulation following partition
(d)	Lactational Amenorrhea	(iv)	They cover the cervix blocking the entry of sperms

• A. (a)- (iv); (b) - (i); (c) - (iii);(d) - (ii)
• B. (a)- (iv); (b) - (i); (c) - (ii);(d) - (iii)
• C. (a)- (ii); (b) - (iv); (c) - (i);(d) - (iii)
• D. (a)- (iii); (b) - (ii); (c) - (i);(d) - (iv)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Contraceptive methods are designed to prevent pregnancy by either preventing fertilization or preventing the implantation of a zygote. Different methods work through different biological or physical mechanisms.
Detailed Explanation:
(a) Diaphragms: These are barrier methods made of rubber that are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus. They block the entry of sperms through the cervix. $\rightarrow$ (iv).

(b) Contraceptive Pills: Oral administration of small doses of either progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combinations inhibits ovulation and implantation, as well as altering the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/retard entry of sperms. $\rightarrow$ (i).

(c) Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs): These devices increase the phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus. Copper-releasing IUDs also suppress sperm motility and fertilizing capacity. $\rightarrow$ (ii).

(d) Lactational Amenorrhea: This is a natural method based on the fact that ovulation (and therefore the menstrual cycle) does not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition. $\rightarrow$ (iii).
Step 2: Final Answer:
Matching the pairs: (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii). This corresponds to option (2).