Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I	List-II
(A) An observed set of population selected for analysis	(I) Parameter
(B) A specific characteristic of the population	(II) Hypothesis
(C) A specific characteristic of the sample	(III) Statistic
(D) A statement made about a population parameter for testing	(IV) Sample

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II)

Hint:

A simple way to remember the difference between a parameter and a statistic is the "P-P" and "S-S" rule: \textbf{P}arameters describe \textbf{P}opulations, and \textbf{S}tatistics describe \textbf{S}amples.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Conceptual Understanding:
This question assesses knowledge of fundamental inferential statistics terms, which are used to infer population characteristics from sample data.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Matching terms from List-I to their definitions in List-II:
(A) An observed set of population selected for analysis: This describes a Sample, which is a subset of a larger population used for collection and analysis.\textit{Therefore, (A) matches with (IV).}
(B) A specific characteristic of the population: A numerical value describing a population's characteristic (e.g., population mean, \(\mu\); population standard deviation, \(\sigma\)) is a Parameter.\textit{Therefore, (B) matches with (I).}
(C) A specific characteristic of the sample: A numerical value describing a sample's characteristic (e.g., sample mean, \(\bar{x}\); sample standard deviation, s) is a Statistic. Statistics serve to estimate population parameters.\textit{Therefore, (C) matches with (III).}
(D) A statement made about a population parameter for testing: A claim or statement about a population parameter, subject to verification, is known as a Hypothesis (specifically, a statistical hypothesis).\textit{Therefore, (D) matches with (II).}
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct pairings are: A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II. This corresponds to option (D).