Question

Match List-I with List-II: \[ \begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{List-I & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{List-II \hline (A) & Humidity & (I) & Anemometer \hline (B) & Wind & (II) & Lysimeter \hline (C) & Light\ Intensity & (III) & Hygrometer \hline (D) & Evapotranspiration & (IV) & Luxmeter \hline \end{array} \] Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-(III), B-(I), C-(IV), D-(II)
• B. A-(I), B-(III), C-(II), D-(IV)
• C. A-(I), B-(II), C-(IV), D-(III)
• D. A-(III), B-(IV), C-(I), D-(II)

Hint:

\[ \mathrm{Hygrometer \rightarrow Humidity} \] \[ \mathrm{Anemometer \rightarrow Wind\ Speed} \] \[ \mathrm{Luxmeter \rightarrow Light\ Intensity} \] \[ \mathrm{Lysimeter \rightarrow Evapotranspiration} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Modern agriculture relies heavily on precision, which requires the accurate measurement of environmental parameters using specialized meteorological instruments.
Each parameter—humidity, wind speed, light, and water loss—plays a specific role in crop physiology and field management.
Identifying the correct instrument for each parameter is essential for weather forecasting and irrigation scheduling.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the measurement and the corresponding instrument for each item in List-I:
1. Humidity (A): This is the measure of water vapor content in the air.
It is measured using a Hygrometer (III). In agricultural weather stations, a Psychrometer (a type of hygrometer with wet and dry bulb thermometers) is often used to calculate relative humidity. Humidity levels directly influence the transpiration rate and the prevalence of fungal pathogens like powdery mildew.
2. Wind (B): Specifically referring to wind speed or velocity.
The instrument used is the Anemometer (I). The most common type is the "Cup Anemometer," where the speed of rotation of the cups is proportional to the wind speed. Wind speed is a critical factor in determining the rate of evapotranspiration and the efficiency of pesticide spraying (preventing drift).
3. Light Intensity (C): This refers to the amount of luminous flux incident on a surface.
It is measured using a Luxmeter (IV). The unit of measurement is 'lux'. Light intensity is a limiting factor for photosynthesis. Understanding light levels helps in managing greenhouses and determining the spacing/density of field crops to minimize shading.
4. Evapotranspiration (D): This is the combined process of water loss through evaporation from the soil and transpiration from plant surfaces.
The Lysimeter (II) is the standard instrument for this measurement. It consists of a large tank of soil buried in the field; by measuring the change in weight or the water balance within the tank, scientists can precisely determine the amount of water used by the crop. This is vital for water-use efficiency (WUE) studies.
Matching the items: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Based on the functions of the meteorological instruments, the correct match is A goes with III, B with I, C with IV, and D with II.
This matches the sequence provided in option (A).