Remember the common examples of solids:
\[
\text{Metallic} \rightarrow Cu,\ Fe,\ Ag
\]
\[
\text{Ionic} \rightarrow NaCl,\ KBr
\]
\[
\text{Molecular} \rightarrow Ice,\ Dry\ Ice
\]
\[
\text{Covalent} \rightarrow Diamond,\ SiO_2
\]
These examples are frequently used in matching-type questions.
\[
\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D \\
4 & 3 & 2 & 1
\end{array}
\]
\[
\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D \\
4 & 3 & 1 & 2
\end{array}
\]
\[
\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D \\
3 & 4 & 2 & 1
\end{array}
\]
\[
\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D \\
3 & 4 & 1 & 2
\end{array}
\]
Show Solution
The Correct Option isA
Solution and Explanation
Instead of matching one by one from the top, it helps to lock in the two easiest identifications first and let the rest fall into place.
Diamond is the clearest case, it is one giant network of carbon atoms joined by covalent bonds, so it is the covalent solid, matched to entry 1.
Ice is held together purely by hydrogen bonding between water molecules, which is the signature of a molecular solid, so it pairs with entry 2.
That leaves the metallic and ionic solids. Sodium chloride is built from Na+ and Cl- ions locked in a lattice by electrostatic attraction, the defining feature of an ionic solid, so it takes entry 3. Copper, held together by a sea of delocalized electrons around metal cations, is the metallic solid, so it takes entry 4.
Putting it together, A (Metallic) to 4, B (Ionic) to 3, C (Molecular) to 2, D (Covalent) to 1, which is exactly option (1). So the correct choice is option (1).
