Question

Match List-I (Metals) with List-II (Refining Methods): {ll} List - I & List - II
A. NICKEL & I. ELECTROLYTIC REFINING
B. TITANIUM & II. ZONE REFINING
C. GERMANIUM & III. VAN ARKEL METHOD
D. COPPER & IV. MOND PROCESS

• A. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
• B. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
• C. A-II, B-III, C-II, D-I
• D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Hint:

To solve metallurgical matching questions instantly, remember the acronyms or classic pairings: Ni-Mond (Nickel - Mond) and Ti-Van (Titanium - Van Arkel). Securing just the Nickel to Mond Process link (\(\text{A} \rightarrow \text{IV}\)) immediately narrows down the viable choices to two options!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Refining is the final step in metallurgy, where impurities are removed to produce a high-purity metal.
The choice of refining method depends on the chemical properties of the metal and the nature of the impurities present.
Methods include vapor-phase refining (forming volatile compounds), zone refining (fractional crystallization), and electrolysis.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
A. Nickel: Refined by the Mond Process. Nickel is heated in a stream of carbon monoxide to form volatile nickel tetracarbonyl, which is then decomposed at a higher temperature to give pure nickel. (A $\to$ IV).
B. Titanium: Refined by the Van Arkel Method. The crude metal is heated in an evacuated vessel with iodine to form volatile titanium tetraiodide. This iodide is decomposed on a hot tungsten filament to deposit pure metal. (B $\to$ III).
C. Germanium: Refined by Zone Refining. This method is used for ultra-pure semiconductors. It moves a heater along a rod; impurities stay in the molten zone and are pushed to one end. (C $\to$ II).
D. Copper: Refined by Electrolytic Refining. Blister copper is made the anode and pure copper the cathode in an acidic $CuSO_4$ solution. (D $\to$ I).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The match sequence is A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I, which is option (D).