Question

Kirchhoff's current and voltage law are respectively based on the conservation of

• A. momentum, charge
• B. energy, charge
• C. charge, energy
• D. charge, momentum

Hint:

To easily remember this, think of the alphabet and definitions: Current is the flow of Charge (KCL $\rightarrow$ Charge), and Voltage is electric potential Energy per unit charge (KVL $\rightarrow$ Energy).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
Identify the conservation laws underlying Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL).

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
KCL (∑I=0 at a junction) stems from charge conservation; KVL (∑V=0 around a loop) stems from energy conservation.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Charge cannot accumulate at a node, so current entering equals current leaving (charge conservation). Work done by conservative electric field around a closed loop is zero, so energy gained equals energy lost (energy conservation).

Step 4: Final Answer:
KCL–charge, KVL–energy, matching option (C).