Question

_________ is characterised by widespread impairments in social interactions and communication skills, and stereotyped patterns of behaviours, interests and activities.

• A. Dyslexia
• B. Autism Spectrum Disorder
• C. Specific Learning Disorder
• D. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Hint:

The keyword "Social interaction" combined with "Stereotyped behaviors" almost always points to Autism Spectrum Disorder in psychology exams.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The question is asking which condition is characterized by widespread impairments in social interactions and communication skills, as well as stereotyped patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities.

Let's evaluate the options given:

1. Dyslexia: Dyslexia is primarily a learning disorder that affects reading ability. It is not characterized by impairments in social interactions or communication skills. Therefore, dyslexia is not the correct answer.
2. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by significant challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. It typically involves a range of symptoms and behaviors that make social interactions difficult and include interests and routines that are highly specific, which fits the description in the question.
3. Specific Learning Disorder: Specific Learning Disorder is generally related to difficulties in learning and using academic skills, primarily affecting one area such as reading, writing, or mathematics. It does not predominantly involve social interaction impairments, which makes it an unlikely choice.
4. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): ADHD is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, rather than the social and communication impairments highlighted in the question.

The characteristics described in the question best match Autism Spectrum Disorder. This disorder is widely known for affecting social interaction and communication while often involving repetitive behaviors and restricted interests.

Therefore, the correct answer is Autism Spectrum Disorder.