Question:medium

In view of the root modifications match the column-I with column-II and select the correct option given below:

Show Hint

Pneumatophores (breathing roots) are essential for plants growing in swampy/saline areas like mangroves.
Updated On: Jun 10, 2026
  • A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
  • A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
  • A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
  • A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understand root modifications.
Roots sometimes change shape to do special jobs such as breathing, clinging, supporting, or stealing food. Each special root has a typical plant example.

Step 2: Match pneumatophores.
In swampy soil, plants like $Avicennia$ send roots upward into the air to breathe. These breathing roots are pneumatophores. So A pairs with II (Avicennia).

Step 3: Match velamen roots.
Orchids such as $Vanda$ grow on other plants and hang their roots in air. These roots have a spongy covering called velamen that soaks up moisture. So B pairs with I (Vanda).

Step 4: Match stilt roots.
$Maize$ plants grow extra roots from the lower nodes that prop up the stem like stilts. So C pairs with IV (Maize).

Step 5: Match haustorial roots.
Parasitic plants like $Cuscuta$ push special sucking roots called haustoria into the host to draw food. So D pairs with III (Cuscuta).

Step 6: Read off the full answer.
Combining all pairs we get A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III, which matches the first option.
\[ \boxed{\text{A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III}} \]
Was this answer helpful?
0