Question

In the graphical representation of e.m.f. 'e' and current 'i' versus 'ωt' for an a.c. circuit, both emf and current reach zero, minimum and maximum value at the same time. The circuit element connected to the source will be

• A. pure capacitor
• B. combination of capacitor and inductor
• C. pure resistor
• D. pure inductor

Hint:

Remember: For a resistor, \(V\) and \(I\) are in phase. For capacitor: \(I\) leads \(V\). For inductor: \(I\) lags \(V\).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Read the condition.
The emf and current hit their zero, lowest, and highest points together, so they are perfectly in step, with no phase gap.

Step 2: Recall the phase behaviours.
A capacitor makes current lead by $90^{\circ}$, an inductor makes it lag by $90^{\circ}$, and a mix gives something in between. Only one element keeps them in step.

Step 3: Match.
A pure resistor lets voltage and current rise and fall together, with zero phase difference.

Step 4: State the element.
\[ \boxed{\text{Pure resistor}} \]