Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Constitutional history questions are best solved by matching the year and the central point of each case. Here the year is 1973 and the central point is that the basic structure of the Constitution cannot be destroyed.
Step 2: Key Approach:
Place each named case on a timeline: Romesh Thappar in 1950, Golaknath in 1967, and the basic structure judgment in 1973. Then pick the one whose holding is the quoted sentence.
Step 3: Eliminate by date:
Only one of the four cases was decided in 1973. Romesh Thappar belongs to 1950 and Golaknath belongs to 1967, so both are out. Umed Ram Sharma is a minor case, unrelated to the amending power, so it is out as well.
Step 4: Confirm by holding:
The judgment of 1973 was given in a petition by a Kerala seer against land reform laws of the State. The court ruled that Parliament may amend any part of the Constitution but not change its basic framework. This is the idea in the quote.
Step 5: Link to the options:
The Kerala case is named Keshavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala and it is printed as the second option.
Final Answer:
The quoted holding comes from Keshavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala, so option 2 is correct. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]