The right choice is that processing power doubles roughly every 18 months to two years. Back in 1965, Gordon Moore, who would go on to co-found Intel, wrote a paper observing that the count of transistors packed onto an integrated circuit was climbing at a steady, predictable rate. That observation turned into what everyone now calls Moore's Law, commonly explained as computing power roughly doubling every year and a half to two years without a matching rise in cost.
What makes this prediction notable is how well it held up over the following decades. It effectively set the pace for the entire semiconductor industry, pushing manufacturers toward smaller, denser, and more powerful chips generation after generation, and shaping expectations for how fast computers would keep improving.
The remaining options describe things Moore never claimed. Saying chips become obsolete misreads the law entirely, since it is about improvement, not decline. Saying transistors will no longer be needed also misses the point, transistors are the very thing being packed in more densely, not phased out. And the option claiming power gets cut in half every two years flips the actual direction of the law completely. The verified answer is that processing power doubles every 18 months to two years.