Question:hard

If $\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{dx}{5+4\sin x} = A \tan^{-1} B$, then A + B =

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When dealing with Weierstrass substitution conversions, always take extra care when evaluating the fraction arithmetic at the boundaries. Keeping fractional terms organized on your scratchpad prevents simple arithmetic slips!
Updated On: Jun 3, 2026
  • $\frac{2}{3}$
  • 1
  • 2
  • $\frac{1}{3}$
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Use the half-angle substitution.
Let $t=\tan\frac{x}{2}$, so $\sin x=\frac{2t}{1+t^2}$ and $dx=\frac{2\,dt}{1+t^2}$. The limits change: $x=0\Rightarrow t=0$, $x=\frac{\pi}{2}\Rightarrow t=1$.

Step 2: Simplify the integral.
After substituting, the integral becomes $\int_0^1\frac{2\,dt}{5t^2+8t+5}=\frac{2}{5}\int_0^1\frac{dt}{t^2+\frac{8}{5}t+1}$.

Step 3: Complete the square and integrate.
The bottom is $\left(t+\frac{4}{5}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^2$. Integrating gives $\frac{2}{3}\left[\tan^{-1}\frac{5t+4}{3}\right]_0^1$.

Step 4: Apply the limits.
This is $\frac{2}{3}\left[\tan^{-1}3-\tan^{-1}\frac{4}{3}\right]=\frac{2}{3}\tan^{-1}\frac{1}{3}$. So $A=\frac{2}{3}$, $B=\frac{1}{3}$, and $A+B=1$. \[ \boxed{A+B=1} \]
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