For inverse trigonometric functions like \( \cos^{-1} \), the range is typically \( [0, \pi] \), but the values inside the function must stay within the domain of -1 to 1.
Given \( f(x) = \cos^{-1} \left( \frac{\sqrt{2x^2 + 1}}{x^2 + 1} \right) \), and knowing the range of the inverse cosine function is \( [0, \pi] \), the expression within the inverse cosine yields values between -1 and 1. Consequently, the range of \( f(x) \) is determined to be \( \left[ 0, \frac{\pi}{2} \right] \).