Identify \(Base_2\) for the following equation according to Brønsted-Lowry theory: \( HCl(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightleftharpoons H_3O^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq) \)
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In Brønsted-Lowry reactions:
• Species gaining \(H^+\) acts as a base.
• Species losing \(H^+\) acts as an acid.
A quick trick:
\[
\text{Gain } H^+ \Rightarrow \text{Base}
\]
\[
\text{Lose } H^+ \Rightarrow \text{Acid}
\]
Water can behave both as acid and base depending on the reaction, making it an amphoteric substance.