Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Soil and water conservation consists of prevention and control of soil erosion caused due to water. It also includes conserving rain water and soil moisture for the purpose of crop production.
Statement (II): Soil erosion severely affects hilly areas because of steep slopes.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

• A. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
• B. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
• C. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
• D. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.

Hint:

Recall the definition of soil and water conservation and how slope affects runoff velocity.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Check statement I against the definition used in soil conservation engineering. Soil and water conservation is indeed the set of measures for control of water erosion plus conservation of rainwater and moisture, so statement I holds.
Step 2: Check statement II independently using the slope erosion relationship. Erosion rate increases sharply with slope steepness because of higher runoff velocity, so hilly regions naturally show severe erosion, confirming statement II.
Step 3: As neither statement contradicts known conservation engineering principles, both must be accepted together.
\[\boxed{\text{Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct}}\]