Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): In geodetic surveying, the curvature of the earth is taken into account, since large areas are covered.
Statement (II): In plane surveying, the curvature of the earth is not taken into account.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

• A. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
• B. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
• C. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
• D. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.

Hint:

- Plane Surveying: Curvature neglected (small areas).
- Geodetic Surveying: Curvature considered (large areas).
This basic definition confirms that both statements are correct.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Recall how the two branches of surveying are classified.
Surveying is broadly divided into geodetic surveying and plane surveying based on the size of the area covered and the accuracy required, this classification decides whether the earth's curved shape needs to be built into the calculations.
Step 2: Check Statement (I).
Geodetic surveys are used for large areas such as national triangulation networks and continental mapping, where ignoring the earth's curvature would introduce unacceptable error over such long distances, so by definition the curvature of the earth is always accounted for in geodetic surveying, making Statement (I) correct.
Step 3: Check Statement (II).
Plane surveys are restricted to smaller areas, conventionally up to about 250 square kilometres, over such a limited extent the error from treating the earth's surface as a flat plane is smaller than the accuracy needed for ordinary engineering and construction work, so the curvature is deliberately neglected in plane surveying, making Statement (II) correct too.
Step 4: Conclude.
Both statements correctly state the standard textbook distinction between geodetic and plane surveying, so both are correct.
\[ \boxed{Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.} \]