Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron to prevent rusting. This is done because zinc acts as a sacrificial layer in the corrosion process, meaning that it corrodes in preference to the underlying metal. The zinc coating acts as a barrier and, if any part is exposed, it corrodes sacrificially, protecting the metal underneath.
Now, let's examine the given options to determine which metal is used in galvanization:
Pb (Lead): Lead is not used for galvanization. It is toxic and does not provide the proper protective qualities needed for galvanization.
Cr (Chromium): Chromium is mainly used in plating and creating stainless steel but not for galvanization. It provides a shiny finish and some corrosion resistance but is not used for this purpose.
Cu (Copper): Copper is known for its electrical conductivity and is used in electrical applications but is not suitable for galvanizing.
Zn (Zinc): Zinc is widely used in galvanization due to its ability to prevent rust and corrosion. It provides cathodic protection to the base metal.
Therefore, the correct answer is Zn (Zinc) as it is the metal used in the galvanization process to protect the underlying metal from corrosion. This makes galvanization with zinc an effective method to prolong the life of steel and iron products exposed to environmental elements.
