Step 1: Recall what each term stands for.
Liberalism is about individual freedom, romanticism is a cultural movement built around emotion and imagination, and socialism focuses on economic equality between classes.
Step 2: Match the definition given in the question.
The question describes a movement pushing for equal rights and opportunities specifically between women and men, which is the core idea behind feminism.
Step 3: Confirm by elimination.
None of liberalism, romanticism or socialism is built specifically around gender equality, so feminism is the only fit.
Hence, the correct answer is feminism, option (C).