Question:medium

For \(\theta\in\left(0,\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\), if the complete range of \[ (\cot^2\theta-\cos^2\theta)(\tan^2\theta-\sin^2\theta) \] is \((\alpha,\beta]\), then \(\beta-\alpha=\)

Show Hint

Whenever expressions contain both \(\tan\theta\) and \(\cot\theta\), rewrite them in terms of \(\sin\theta\) and \(\cos\theta\). Many complicated products reduce to powers of \(\sin\theta\cos\theta\), after which the identity \[ \sin2\theta=2\sin\theta\cos\theta \] makes finding the range very easy.
Updated On: Jul 9, 2026
  • \(1\)
  • \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
  • \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
  • \(2\) \bigskip
Show Solution

The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Concept: Express everything in terms of \(\sin\theta\) and \(\cos\theta\), factor, and use \(\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta = 1\) along with the double-angle identity \(\sin 2\theta = 2\sin\theta\cos\theta\) to find the range.

Step 1:
Rewrite the expression in sines and cosines. Let \[ E = (\cot^2\theta - \cos^2\theta)(\tan^2\theta - \sin^2\theta). \] Using \(\cot\theta = \frac{\cos\theta}{\sin\theta}\) and \(\tan\theta = \frac{\sin\theta}{\cos\theta}\): \[ \cot^2\theta - \cos^2\theta = \frac{\cos^2\theta}{\sin^2\theta} - \cos^2\theta = \frac{\cos^2\theta - \cos^2\theta\sin^2\theta}{\sin^2\theta} = \frac{\cos^2\theta(1-\sin^2\theta)}{\sin^2\theta}. \] Since \(1-\sin^2\theta = \cos^2\theta\): \[ \cot^2\theta - \cos^2\theta = \frac{\cos^4\theta}{\sin^2\theta}. \] Similarly, \[ \tan^2\theta - \sin^2\theta = \frac{\sin^2\theta}{\cos^2\theta} - \sin^2\theta = \frac{\sin^2\theta - \sin^2\theta\cos^2\theta}{\cos^2\theta} = \frac{\sin^2\theta(1-\cos^2\theta)}{\cos^2\theta} = \frac{\sin^4\theta}{\cos^2\theta}. \]

Step 2:
Multiply and simplify. \[ E = \left(\frac{\cos^4\theta}{\sin^2\theta}\right)\left(\frac{\sin^4\theta}{\cos^2\theta}\right) = \sin^2\theta \cos^2\theta. \] Using \(\sin 2\theta = 2\sin\theta\cos\theta\), we have \(\sin^2\theta\cos^2\theta = \frac{1}{4}\sin^2 2\theta\).

Step 3:
Determine the range for \(0 < \theta < \frac{\pi}{2}\). For \(0 < \theta < \frac{\pi}{2}\), \(0 < 2\theta < \pi\), so \(0 < \sin 2\theta \le 1\). Hence \(0 < \sin^2 2\theta \le 1\). \[ 0 < E \le \frac{1}{4}. \] Thus \(\alpha = 0\) and \(\beta = \frac{1}{4}\).

Step 4:
Compute \(\beta - \alpha\) and write the final answer. \[ \beta - \alpha = \frac{1}{4} - 0 = \frac{1}{4}. \] \[ \boxed{\frac14} \]
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