Followings are some of the statements related to drop spillway (A). Drop spillway should be located on a reasonable straight section of channel with no upstream and downstream curves within 50 m reach of the structure. (B). Transverse sill create a hydraulic jump at the toe of the structure. (C). Longitudinal sill helps to straighten the flow. (D). The cutoff wall depth should be sufficient to increase uplift pressure and reduce piping under the structure. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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To prevent ______piping failure______ in hydraulic structures:
We use a ______cutoff wall______ to force water to travel a longer path under the structure.
According to ______Bligh's Creep Theory______, this reduces the exit gradient and minimizes downstream ______uplift pressure______.