Question:medium

Find the value of \( a \) for which } \( f(x) = \sqrt{3} \sin x - \cos x - 2ax + 6 \) \(\text{ is decreasing in } \mathbb{R}\).

Show Hint

Quick Tip: For a function to be decreasing, its derivative must be non-positive. Check the maximum and minimum values of the derivative expression to find the required conditions on parameters.
Show Solution

Solution and Explanation

To determine when \( f(x) \) is decreasing, we must first compute its derivative and identify where it is non-positive.
The given function is: \[ f(x) = \sqrt{3} \sin x - \cos x - 2ax + 6 \] Differentiating \( f(x) \) yields: \[ f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx} \left( \sqrt{3} \sin x - \cos x - 2ax + 6 \right) \] Applying standard differentiation rules (\( \frac{d}{dx}(\sin x) = \cos x \), \( \frac{d}{dx}(\cos x) = -\sin x \), and \( \frac{d}{dx}(x) = 1 \)), we obtain: \[ f'(x) = \sqrt{3} \cos x + \sin x - 2a \] For \( f(x) \) to be decreasing across all \( x \in \mathbb{R} \), we require \( f'(x) \leq 0 \). This implies: \[ \sqrt{3} \cos x + \sin x - 2a \leq 0 \] Since \( \cos x \) and \( \sin x \) are bounded within \([-1, 1]\), the maximum value of \( \sqrt{3} \cos x + \sin x \) is \( \sqrt{3} + 1 \), which occurs when \( \cos x = 1 \) and \( \sin x = 1 \). Therefore, the condition becomes: \[ \sqrt{3} + 1 - 2a \leq 0 \] Rearranging to solve for \( a \): \[ 2a \geq \sqrt{3} + 1 \] \[ a \geq \frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2} \] Consequently, for \( f(x) \) to be decreasing for all real numbers, \( a \) must satisfy: \[ a \geq \frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2} \]
Was this answer helpful?
1