Question

Explain the functioning of conservative regimes established in France in 1815.

Hint:

The conservative regimes after 1815 aimed at stabilizing France but were also a period of conflict between the old monarchy and the growing revolutionary spirit.

Answer 1

Following Napoleon Bonaparte's downfall, the Congress of Vienna in 1815 instituted conservative governments in France. These governments were characterized by:
- Monarchical Reinstatement: The Bourbon monarchy was re-established, with Louis XVIII attempting to appease both the nobility and those who supported revolution.
- Suppression of Revolutionary Thought: The government acted to quash revolutionary activities and restricted freedoms to maintain power and halt the spread of liberal and democratic principles.
- Conservative Measures: The regime implemented conservative policies, including the restoration of privileges for the nobility and the church, alongside the preservation of existing social structures.