Step 1: Identify the concept being tested.
The question covers one principle of Scientific Management, Harmony Not Discord, and two techniques of Scientific Management, Method Study and Standardisation and Simplification of Work, all developed by F.W. Taylor.
Step 2: Explain Harmony, Not Discord.
This principle calls for complete harmony between management and workers, since both sides need each other to succeed. Taylor spoke of a Mental Revolution, where management and workers stop viewing each other as rivals and instead cooperate, with management sharing the gains of higher output and workers putting in honest, disciplined effort.
Step 3: Explain Method Study.
Method Study aims to find the one best way of doing a job, by examining and comparing all the possible methods of performing a task and choosing the one that uses the least material, time, cost and effort.
Step 4: Explain Standardisation and Simplification of Work, and give the final answer.
Standardisation fixes uniform standards for the tools, equipment, working conditions and time taken across similar tasks in the organisation, while Simplification of Work eliminates unnecessary variety in the sizes and types of products so that fewer, better varieties are produced. Together, Harmony Not Discord builds cooperation between management and labour, while Method Study and Standardisation and Simplification of Work make the actual process of doing work more efficient and consistent.