Step 1: Translate the names. Exanthema subitum equals roseola infantum equals sixth disease, a classic exanthem of infancy.
Step 2: The agent of this sixth disease is human herpesvirus 6, with the clinical signature of three days of high fever that drops just as the trunk rash appears.
Step 3: Cross off the others by their own exanthems. Parvovirus B19 gives fifth disease with slapped cheeks, coxsackievirus gives hand foot and mouth disease, and HHV-8 is the Kaposi sarcoma virus rather than a childhood exanthem.
Step 4: The number that fits the sixth disease is HHV-6.
\[\boxed{\text{HHV-6}}\]