Question

During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food materials are hydrolysed to amino acids. The two enzymes involved in the process $ { Proteins ->[{\text{Enzyme(A)}}] Polypeptides }$ $ { ->[{\text{Enzyme(B)}}] Amino acids,}$ are respectively

• A. amylase and maltase
• B. diastase and lipase
• C. pepsin and trypsin
• D. invertase and zymase

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The question asks about the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins into amino acids during digestion. To solve this, we must understand the digestion of proteins step-by-step:

1. Protein Digestion Overview: The process of digestion involves breaking down complex food substances into simpler forms that the body can absorb. Proteins are broken down into amino acids through enzymatic actions.
2. Enzymes Involved: There are two main steps and enzymes in the digestion of proteins:
   • Enzyme (A) - Pepsin: In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin acts on proteins to break them into smaller polypeptides. Pepsin is activated from its precursor pepsinogen, which is secreted by the gastric glands.
   • Enzyme (B) - Trypsin: In the small intestine, the enzyme trypsin further hydrolyzes the polypeptides into amino acids. Trypsin is initially produced as an inactive form, trypsinogen, which is activated by another enzyme, enterokinase.
3. Examining Options:
   • Amylase and Maltase: Amylase is involved in carbohydrate digestion, breaking starches into sugars. Maltase converts maltose to glucose. Not involved in protein digestion.
   • Diastase and Lipase: Diastase is another term for amylase, and lipase is involved in fat digestion. Neither are involved in protein digestion.
   • Pepsin and Trypsin: Correct. These enzymes break down proteins into polypeptides and then into amino acids.
   • Invertase and Zymase: Invertase breaks down sucrose, and zymase is involved in fermentation. Neither are involved in protein digestion.
4. Conclusion: Thus, the correct answer is "pepsin and trypsin."