Question

During asexual reproduction, gemmule formation occurs in:

• A. Yeast
• B. Spirogyra
• C. Sponges
• D. Amoeba

Hint:

{Exam Shortcut:}

• {Yeast} → Budding
• {Spirogyra} → Fragmentation
• {Amoeba} → Binary fission
• {Sponges} → Gemmule formation

Associating each organism with its typical reproductive method helps solve MCQs quickly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Gemmules are internal buds found in some aquatic organisms. They are a form of asexual reproduction that allows the organism to survive harsh environmental conditions.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Sponges: Freshwater sponges (like {Spongilla}) and some marine sponges produce gemmules. These are tough-coated dormant clusters of embryonic cells (archaeocytes). When the parent sponge dies during drought or winter, the gemmules remain and "hatch" when favorable conditions return.
2. Yeast: Reproduces primarily by budding.
3. Spirogyra: Reproduces by fragmentation or conjugation.
4. Amoeba: Reproduces by binary fission or multiple fission (encystment).
Step 3: Final Answer
Gemmule formation occurs in sponges.