Entry: HIV gains entry into host cells (specifically CD4+ T-cells) utilizing surface receptors.
Reverse Transcription: Viral RNA undergoes conversion to DNA, facilitated by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
Integration: Viral DNA is integrated into the host cell's genome through the action of the integrase enzyme.
Replication: The host cell's machinery is employed to synthesize viral components.
Assembly and Release: New viral particles are constructed and subsequently released, enabling the infection of additional cells.
Progression to AIDS: Persistent depletion of CD4+ cells results in compromised immunity and susceptibility to opportunistic infections, ultimately leading to the development of AIDS.