Question

Consider the following statements:}
A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics gives concept of temperature}
B. First law of thermodynamics gives concept of internal energy}
C. In isothermal expansion of ideal gas, $\Delta Q \neq \Delta W$}
D. Product of intensive and extensive variables is extensive}
E. The ratio of any extensive variable to mass will be an extensive variable}
Choose the correct combination of statements from the options given below:

• A. C, D and E Only
• B. A, B and C Only
• C. A, B and D Only
• D. B, C and D Only

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The topic of this question is the fundamental principles and definitions in Thermodynamics.
We are asked to evaluate the accuracy of statements concerning the laws of thermodynamics and the nature of intensive and extensive properties.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
First law of thermodynamics: $\Delta Q = \Delta U + \Delta W$.
For an isothermal process of an ideal gas: $\Delta T = 0 \implies \Delta U = 0$.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate each statement individually:
Statement A: True. The Zeroth law establishes the concept of thermal equilibrium, which allows for a consistent definition of temperature.
Statement B: True. The First law introduces the concept of internal energy as a conserved state function.
Statement C: False. In an isothermal process, the change in temperature is zero, making $\Delta U = 0$. Hence, $\Delta Q = \Delta W$.
Statement D: True. Multiplying an intensive variable (like Pressure $P$) and an extensive variable (like Volume $V$) yields an extensive property (Work or Energy $PV$).
Statement E: False. The ratio of two extensive properties (like volume divided by mass) results in an intensive property (specific volume).
Based on these, the correct set of statements is A, B, and D.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct combination is A, B and D Only.