Consider the following set of reactions. $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CN} \xrightarrow{\text{B}} \text{Y} \xrightarrow{\text{A}} \text{X} (\text{reacts with } 2,4\text{-DNP})$ $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CN} \xrightarrow{\text{A}} \text{X} (\text{dissolves in dil. } \text{HCl})$ What are A and B respectively?
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The choice of reducing agent is crucial in organic synthesis:
- Partial Reduction of Nitriles ($\text{R-CN} \to \text{R-CHO}$): Use $\text{DIBAL-H}$ at low temperature, followed by hydrolysis.
- Complete Reduction of Nitriles ($\text{R-CN} \to \text{R-CH}_2\text{NH}_2$): Use $\text{LiAlH}_4$ or $\text{Na}/\text{Hg}/\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}$ or catalytic hydrogenation.
