Question:medium

Compare the properties of electrons, protons and neutrons.

Updated On: Jan 19, 2026
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Solution and Explanation

Comparison of Properties of Electrons, Protons, and Neutrons 

PropertyElectronProtonNeutron
Symbole⁻p⁺n⁰
ChargeNegative (-1)Positive (+1)Neutral (0)
Mass~9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg~1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg~1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
LocationOutside the nucleus (Electron cloud)Inside the nucleusInside the nucleus
Relative Mass~1/1836 of proton/neutron11
Role in AtomResponsible for chemical reactions and bondingDetermines the element (atomic number)Contributes to atomic mass (isotope identity)

Summary:

  • Electrons are negatively charged particles located outside the nucleus, responsible for chemical bonding and reactions.
  • Protons are positively charged particles located inside the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element's atomic number.
  • Neutrons are neutral particles located inside the nucleus. They contribute to the mass of the atom but don't affect its chemical properties.
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