Choose the transition element which exhibit least number of variable oxidation states.

Question

Read the following passage and answer the next five questions based on it.
The transition metals are very hard and have low volatility. Their melting and boiling points are high. In any row, the melting points of these metals rise to a maximum at d5 and fall regularly as atomic number increases. The high melting points of these metals are attributed to the involvement of greater number of electrons from (n– 1)d in addition to ns electrons in the interatomic metallic bonding.

Answer 1

Step 1: Consider scandium.
Electronic configuration: \[ Sc=[Ar]\,3d^1 4s^2 \] The most stable oxidation state is \[ +3 \] Scandium rarely exhibits other oxidation states. Therefore it has the least variability.

Step 2: Consider chromium.
Chromium exhibits \[ +2,\ +3,\ +6 \] and several intermediate oxidation states.

Step 3: Consider manganese.
Manganese shows the largest range of oxidation states. \[ +2 \text{ to } +7 \]

Step 4: Consider iron.
Iron commonly exhibits \[ +2,\ +3 \] and a few additional oxidation states.

Step 5: Select the element showing minimum variability.
Among all the given elements, scandium exhibits the least number of oxidation states. \[ {\mathrm{Sc}} \]

List-I	Transition metal/compound
A	V₂O₅
B	Fe
C	PdCl₂
D	Ni complex

List-II	Catalytic role
I	Preparation of ammonia from N₂/H₂ mixture
II	Polymerisation of alkynes
III	Oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃
IV	Preparation of ethyne to ethene

Choose the transition element which exhibit least number of variable oxidation states.

Show Hint

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

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