Question

Chlorobenzene to biphenyl 

Hint:

The Wurtz-Fittig reaction is used for coupling two aromatic rings to form biphenyl.

Answer 1

Transformation of Chlorobenzene to Biphenyl

The conversion of chlorobenzene to biphenyl is achieved via the Wurtz-Fittig reaction.

This process involves a coupling reaction between two molecules of chlorobenzene, catalyzed by metallic sodium in a dry ether solvent. The sodium abstracts chlorine atoms, enabling the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond between the phenyl rings, thereby yielding biphenyl.

Reaction Equation:

\( 2 \ , \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{Cl} \xrightarrow{\text{Na , ether}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{-C}_6\text{H}_5 \)

Product: Biphenyl