An analogy of the form "Charity : P :: Retaliation : Q" is asking for the adjective that describes someone who performs each action. Charity is an act of giving without expecting anything back, so P should mean generous. Retaliation is an act of hitting back at someone, so Q should mean vengeful. The right answer needs both words to fit their own term, not just one of the two.
- Parsimonious; Vengeful: vengeful correctly matches retaliation, but parsimonious means unwilling to give, the reverse of a charitable person.
- Altruistic; Amicable: altruistic correctly matches charity, but amicable just means friendly, which has nothing to do with striking back after being wronged.
- Resentful; Spiteful: both words describe a bitter, grudge holding person, so neither one fits "charity" at all.
- Magnanimous; Vindictive: magnanimous means big hearted and forgiving, matching charity, and vindictive means driven to get revenge, matching retaliation.
Only the fourth pair satisfies both halves of the analogy at once, so "Magnanimous; Vindictive" is correct.
Let's summarize:
- P must mean generous/forgiving, to match charity: magnanimous.
- Q must mean vengeful, to match retaliation: vindictive.
The correct pair is P = Magnanimous, Q = Vindictive, option (D).