Question:medium

Bohr model is applied to a particle of mass m and charge $q$ is moving in a plane under the influence of a transverse magnetic field (B). The energy of the charged particle in the second level will be ( h = Planck's constant)

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Combining Bohr's angular momentum quantization with magnetic force leads to discrete energy levels for charged particles.
Updated On: May 14, 2026
  • $\frac{\text{qBh}}{\pi\text{m}}$
  • $\frac{\text{q}^2 \text{B}^2 \text{h}^2}{4\pi\text{m}}$
  • $\frac{\text{qBh}}{2\pi\text{m}}$
  • $\frac{2q\text{Bh}}{\pi\text{m}}$
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
We are applying Bohr's quantization condition to a charged particle in a magnetic field.
In this scenario, the magnetic Lorentz force acts as the required centripetal force for circular motion.
Bohr's quantization postulates that angular momentum must be an integral multiple of $h/(2\pi)$.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Equating centripetal force and magnetic force: $\frac{mv^2}{r} = qvB \implies v = \frac{qBr}{m}$.
Bohr's angular momentum quantization: $mvr = \frac{nh}{2\pi}$.
The total energy of a particle moving purely in a magnetic field is entirely kinetic: $E = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
From the force equation, we find the expression for velocity: \[ v = \frac{qBr}{m} \] Substitute this velocity into the angular momentum quantization equation: \[ m \left(\frac{qBr}{m}\right) r = \frac{nh}{2\pi} \] Simplify the left side to isolate $r^2$: \[ qB r^2 = \frac{nh}{2\pi} \] \[ r^2 = \frac{nh}{2\pi qB} \] The energy of the particle is solely its kinetic energy: \[ E = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \] Square the velocity expression derived earlier: $v^2 = \frac{q^2 B^2 r^2}{m^2}$.
Substitute this into the energy equation: \[ E = \frac{1}{2} m \left(\frac{q^2 B^2 r^2}{m^2}\right) = \frac{q^2 B^2 r^2}{2m} \] Now, substitute the expression for $r^2$ into this energy equation: \[ E = \frac{q^2 B^2}{2m} \left(\frac{nh}{2\pi qB}\right) \] Simplify by canceling $q$ and $B$: \[ E = \frac{n q B h}{4\pi m} \] The question asks for the energy in the second level, which means $n = 2$.
Substitute $n=2$ into the energy formula: \[ E_2 = \frac{2 \cdot q B h}{4\pi m} \] Simplify the fraction: \[ E_2 = \frac{q B h}{2\pi m} \] Step 4: Final Answer:
The energy in the second level is $\frac{\text{qBh}}{2\pi\text{m}}$.
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