This question separates coagulation factor disorders from disorders of primary hemostasis, only the latter of which prolong bleeding time.
- Haemophilia: Correct -- a coagulation cascade defect (factor VIII/IX) that prolongs aPTT but not bleeding time.
- Secondary Thrombocytopenia: Wrong choice for "not prolonged" -- low platelet count directly prolongs bleeding time.
- Scurvy: Wrong choice for "not prolonged" -- weakened vessel walls from defective collagen prolong bleeding time.
- Von Willebrand's Disease: Wrong choice for "not prolonged" -- impaired platelet adhesion from low vWF prolongs bleeding time.
Correct answer: Haemophilia