Question

(b) Explain the role of various archaeologists in the discovery of Harappa.

Hint:

Mention specific archaeologists and their key contributions for archaeology-related questions.

Answer 1

The Harappan civilization's discovery is attributed to the dedicated work of several archaeologists:
Daya Ram Sahni (1921): Initiated excavations at Harappa, revealing a sophisticated urban culture through findings of seals, pottery, and structures.
R.D. Banerji (1922): Identified Mohenjo-Daro, a key Harappan site, and documented its advanced urban design and sanitation.
John Marshall: As Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India, he confirmed the discovery of the Indus Valley Civilization in 1924 after recognizing the importance of these findings.
Mortimer Wheeler: Employed stratigraphy to analyze Harappan layers, enhancing understanding of the civilization's timeline and urban layout.
E.J.H. Mackay: Undertook in-depth excavations at Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, providing details on daily life, commerce, and artistry.
These archaeologists collaboratively illuminated one of the most ancient civilizations, emphasizing its urban complexity and cultural importance.