Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Asafoetida (Hing) is an oleo-gum-resin. Identifying the source and physical state of a crude drug is part of its pharmacognostic description.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Origin: It is obtained from the living rhizomes and roots of Ferula foetida and other species of Ferula.
2. Method: When the rhizomes are incised, a milky liquid (latex) flows out. This exudate is collected and allowed to dry in the air to form the mass or tears of asafoetida sold in markets.
3. Composition: It contains roughly 40–60% resin, 25% gum, and 10–15% volatile oil.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Asafoetida is the solidified latex-like exudate obtained from the incision of underground plant parts.