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Arrange the following on the basis of their evolution: (A) Resource Sharing (B) Consortia (C) Library Cooperation (D) Networking Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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Think of the evolution like building a house. First comes the simple idea (Cooperation), then a more detailed plan (Resource Sharing), then the tools and infrastructure (Networking), and finally the formal legal entity to own and manage it (Consortia).
Updated On: Jan 17, 2026
  • (A), (B), (C), (D)
  • (A), (C), (B), (D)
  • (B), (A), (D), (C)
  • (C), (A), (D), (B)
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Examine the relationship between the terms, which represent an evolutionary sequence from simple to complex.\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{(C) Library Cooperation: The earliest concept, encompassing any agreement between libraries for collaboration (e.g., interlibrary loan).} \\ \bullet & \text{(A) Resource Sharing: A more organized concept evolved from cooperation, involving planned sharing of collections, staff, and services.} \\ \bullet & \text{(D) Networking: Utilizing technology to connect libraries, enabling efficient resource sharing on a large scale.} \\ \bullet & \text{(B) Consortia: The most formal stage, representing a formal library organization for networking and resource sharing, often legally structured and focused on joint electronic resource procurement.} \\ \end{array}\]

Step 2: Organize the concepts in evolutionary order.The progression is from informal cooperation, to structured sharing enabled by technology, and finally formalized institutionally.The correct order is (C) -> (A) -> (D) -> (B).

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