Question

Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option :

• A. Eye of octopus, bat and man
• B. Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah
• C. Brain of bat, man and cheetah
• D. Heart of bat, man and cheetah

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Divergent evolution refers to the process where two or more related species become more and more dissimilar over time, often due to different environmental conditions and selection pressures. It typically results in homologous structures, which are structures that arise from a common ancestor but have adapted to different functions. Let's analyze each option:

1. Eye of octopus, bat, and man: This is the incorrect option as it represents an example of convergent evolution, not divergent evolution. The eye structures in these organisms are not derived from a common ancestor that had a similar eye; instead, they have independently evolved similar features to serve similar functions (vision) despite their different evolutionary beginnings.
2. Forelimbs of man, bat, and cheetah: These are examples of divergent evolution. All three species share a common mammalian ancestor with a basic forelimb structure that has evolved over time to serve different functions: manipulation (man), flying (bat), and running (cheetah).
3. Brain of bat, man, and cheetah: The brain structure evolving in size and complexity is a result of divergent evolution. Although related, the bats, humans, and cheetahs use their brain for different purposes adapted to their unique ecological niches.
4. Heart of bat, man, and cheetah: Similar to the brain, the heart is a homologous structure derived from a common ancestor but has functionally adapted to the specific needs in each of these species through divergent evolution.

In conclusion, the eye of the octopus, bat, and man is indeed the incorrect option for divergent evolution, as it exemplifies convergent evolution instead.